ABSTRACT
AIM: To evaluate retinal vascularization caused by the intravitreal injection of Conbercept in the treatment of a series of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)cases in Type Ⅰ(threshold and pre-threshold period)and aggressive ROP(A-ROP).METHODS: The data of 34 ROP cases(67 eyes)treated by intravitreal injection of Conbercept(IVC)in the ophthalmology department of the Xiamen Children's Hospital from July 2017 to March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Reactivation, which refers to recurrence of acute phase features, occurred at any stage of the disease in the presence or absence of other diseases. RESULT: The average gestational age of the 34 children was 28.82±2.32wk. The average birth weight was 1155.18±398.22g. The lesion zone of 19 cases(37 eyes)was Zone Ⅰ. In 10 cases(20 eyes), the lesion was in Zone Ⅱ, and in 5 cases(10 eyes), the lesion was in the posterior Zone Ⅱ. The total effective rate of disease control in ROP children treated with once IVC was 73.1%(49/67), and the vascularization of Zone Ⅱ was completed. The patients showed variable changes in the vascularization in Zone Ⅲ. For the patients who received one treatment and did not reactivate, the average rate of Type Ⅰ vascularization of ROP was 9.11±2.49wk, and the A-ROP was 13.40±4.04wk. The rate of A-ROP vascularization in Zone Ⅱ was significantly longer compared to Type Ⅰ.CONCLUSION: IVC effectively completes vascularization in Zone Ⅱ.
ABSTRACT
Background Brn-3a is a newly discovered specificity marker for retina ganglion cells(RGCs).It is well-known that RGCs damage is a important pathological basis of hypertension-visual disorder.But the study concerning expression of Brn-3a in RGCs in glaucoma eye is still rately.Objective The purpose of this work was to investigate the changes of Brn-3a expression in model eye with chronic high intraocular pressure(IOP) and its relation with morphology of retina and the expression of Brn-3a in chronic ocular hypertension rats.Methods Thirty-five clean adult SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group(5 rats) and model group(30 rats).Experimental chronic ocular hypertension models were induced unilaterally in the left eyes of 30 health adult SD rats by cauterizing super-scleral veins,and the conjunctival incision was made in the right eyes as sham operative group.The operated rats were subdivided into 6 groups according to the examination time points and 6 rats for each group.IOP was measured with Tono-Pen tonometer before and after 30 minutes,1,3,7,14,28 day after surgery respectively.The rat models were sacrificed in 1,3,5,7,14,28 days after operation by excessive anesthesia method,and retinal section was prepared for the histopathological examination and the RGCs were counted using Nissl staining method.Expression of Brn-3a in RGCs was detected by immunohistochemistry.This experimental complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results The IOP was significantly raised from 30 minutes to 28 days after operation in model eyes with the top IOP( 34.46±4.65 )mmHg in the 30 minutes after operation,showing statistically significant differences in various time groups ( F =95.631,P =0.001 ) and different eyes ( F =287.473,P =0.001 ).Compared with sham operative group,the IOP were elevated from 1 day through 14 days after operation ( q =18.418,15.261,10.987,6.931,4.975,2.962,P ＜ 0.05 ).The numbers of RGCs were ( 29.08 ± 1.98 ) in the normal control group and decreased gradually by 3.17％,7.84％,14.60％,22.40％ in 1,7,14,28 day after surgery in the model eyes with the considerable differences in comparison with normal eyes ( t =5.943,8.034,15.023,17.004,19.371,P ＜ 0.05 ).Immunochemistry revealed that Brn-3a was specially expressed in the RGCs layer and the positive RGCs for Brn-3a were evidently decreased as the prolong of high IOP duration ( F =127.583,P =0.000 ).Conclusions Chronic glaucoma model can be successfully established using Shareef-Sharma method.The loss of RGCs is associated with the high lOP duration.The expression level of Brn-3a is a reliable index of high-IOP-induced damage of optical nurve.
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The study purpose was to explore whether dichloromethylene diphosphonate (Cl(2)MDP)-loaded gelatin particles can induce the depletion of macrophage in reticuloendothelial system of liver and spleen or can depress the immunity of macrophage in SD rat models of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) to treat the ITP rats. New Zealand rabbits were immunized with platelets of SD rats to prepare rabbit anti-rat platelet serum, and the serum was intravenously injected into SD rats to produce the ITP model. In experimental ITP models, 150 microl of anti-platelet serum was intravenously injected into SD rats per 24 hours. The platelet counts maintained pathological level and were persistently less than 50 x 10(9)/L in the models during experiment process. The MTT test of macrophage RAW264.7 was carried out by means of Cl(2)MDP-loaded gelatin particles in vitro. After intravenous injection of a group dose of Cl(2)MDP-gelatin particles, the platelet counts of the rats were measured at the time of 4 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours, respectively, and bleeding times were detected in 24 hours. The results showed that Cl(2)MDP-loaded gelatin particles increased the platelet counts of ITP models to mean of 180 x 10(9)/L, a physiological level in 24 hours after injection, and kept this platelet level through whole process of 120 hours. Furthermore, rats pre-treated with Cl(2)MDP-loaded gelatin particles avoided the decrease of platelet counts significantly when they were injected anti-platelet serum. It is concluded that Cl(2)MDP-loaded gelatin particles restrain multiplication of macrophage RAW264.7, and promptly, effectively restore platelet counts of ITP models to physiological level in a dose dependent manner. So, the targeting therapy of drug-loaded gelatin particles offers a new idea and approach to treat ITP, and this strategy is worthy of further studies.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Rats , Clodronic Acid , Drug Carriers , Drug Delivery Systems , Gelatin , Liver , Cell Biology , Macrophages , Physiology , Particle Size , Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic , Therapeutics , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Spleen , Cell BiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To Prepare surface functional magnetic microspheres for the separation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) nucleic acid and lactase enzyme immobilization.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using suspension polymerization methods to copolymerize MA-styrene containing magnetite nanoparticles and GMA-styrene also containing magnetite nanoparticles, respectively. Both the carboxyl-modified magnetic microspheres and epoxy-modified magnetic microspheres were obtained. In addition, the chloromethyl-modified magnetic microspheres were prepared by seedy microemulsion. The magnetic microspheres bound with b-gamma IgG were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA), and the separation of VEGF nucleic acid and lactase enzyme immobilization were performed by carboxyl-modified magnetic microspheres.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and infrared (IR) spectra showed that the products of polymer magnetic microspheres were monodispersed and that the magnetic particles were uniformly distributed in the microsphere with special functional group on the surface of the microsphere. RIA showed that three kinds of magnetic microspheres could be bound with b-gamma IgG and the absorption of b-gamma IgG reached 75 micrograms/mg, especially for the carboxyl-modified magnetic microspheres. The carboxyl-modified magnetic microspheres can be used for the separation of VEGF nucleic acid by coupling with corresponding primer. Moreover, the immobilized enzyme was proportional to the amount of the carboxyl-modified magnetic microspheres.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The surface functional magnetic polymer microspheres can be bound with active bio-substance, and have a wide application prospect in the fields of biology and medicine.</p>